- “In previous crises when horizontal escalation seemed possible, such as the Cuban missile crisis, the superpowers have drawn back from the brink. There is no guarantee that they would exercise such restraint in the future.”
Lesson: Though the Cuban Missile Crisis was resolved peacefully, there are no guarantees future crises will be.
Fen Osler Hampson, “Escalation in Europe,” in Allison, Graham T., Albert Carnesale, and Joseph S. Nye, ed. Hawks, Doves, and Owls: An Agenda for Avoiding Nuclear War (New York: Norton, 1985), 86
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